tZml ImemhØm kt½f\¯n Iq«t¯mÂhn

tUm. tPmkv tPmk^v

{]^kÀ B³Uv slUv hnÚm\hym]\hn`mKw ImÀjnI tImfPv, ]S¶¡mSv

J¯dnsâ XeØm\amb tZmlbn \S¶ ImemhØm kt½f\w `qanbn Pohsâ \ne\n¸n\v `ojWn DbÀ¯p¶ lcnXKrlhmXI§fpsS hnkÀÖ\w XSbm³ hyàamb amÀK\nÀt±i§sfm¶panÃmsX Ahkm\n¨p. ap³ ImemhØm kt½f\§fnse¶Xpt]mse BtKmf Xm]\hpw ImemhØm hyXnbm\hpw t\cnSm\pÅ ASnb´c \S]SnIsfm¶pw tZml kt½f\¯nepapWvSmbnÃ. lcnXKrl hmXI§fpsS hym]\w Ipdbv¡p¶Xn\pÅ tIymt«m t{]mt«mt¡mfnsâ Bbpkv 2013 P\phcn H¶papX F«p hÀjt¯¡pIqSn \o«nsbSp¡m\mbXmWv tZml kt½f\¯nsâ {][m\ t\«w. F¶m "tZml ImemhØm {]thi\IhmSw' F¶t]cn Ahkm\ \nanjw X¿mdm¡nb {]Jym]\¯n lcnXKrlhmXI§fpsS AfhpIpdbv¡Â, FÃm cmPy§sfbpw DÄs¸Sp¯n \nbakm[pXbpÅ IcmdpWvSm¡Â F¶o Imcy§fn ^e{]Zamb \nÀt±i§sfm¶pw FgpXnt¨À¡m\mbnÃ. A´co£¯nte¡pÅ lcnXKrlhmXI§fpsS ]pd´Å Ipdbv¡p¶Xn FÃm cmPy§Ä¡pw \nba]camb _m[ybpÅ Hcp Icmdn\v 2015 HmsS cq]w \ÂIpsa¶pw AXv 2020 HmsS \S¸m¡psa¶pamWv tZmlkt½f\¯nsâ {]Jym]\w. temIsa¼mSpapÅ cmPy§Ä ImemhØm hyXnbm\¯nsâ KpcpXcamb {]XymLmX§Ä A\ph`n¨pXpS§nbn«pw C¡mcy¯n kp{][m\amb Xocpam\§Ä \S¸m¡p¶Xv IpdªXv asämcp F«phÀjt¯¡pIqSn \o«nh¨psh¶XmWv tZml ImemhØm kt½f\¯nsâ _m¡n]{Xw. 195 cmPy§fn \n¶pÅ 17,000 {]Xn\n[nIÄ cWvSmgvN Xe]pIªmtemNn¨n«pw ImemhØm hyXnbm\w t\cnSm\pÅ Hcp ASnb´c \S]Sn{Iaw hnIkn¸ns¨Sp¡p¶Xn tZml ImemhØm kt½f\w ]cmPbs¸«p.

ImemhØm hyXnbm\w t\cnSm³ ]mhs¸« cmPy§Ä¡v k¼¶cmPy§Ä \ÂInhcp¶ km¼¯nI klmbw h³tXmXn hÀ[n¸n¡Wsa¶v tZml kt½f\¯n BhiyapbÀ¶ncp¶p. F¶m 2010þ12 hÀj§fn \ÂInb AtX klmbw 2013þ15 hÀj§fnepw XpScWsa¶pam{XamWv tZml kt½f\¯nse Xocpam\w. Ct¸mÄ hnIknXcmPy§Ä Hcp hÀjw \ÂIp¶ 1500 tImSn tUmfdnsâ km¼¯nI klmbw 2020þHmsS 10000 tImSn tUmfsd¦nepambn DbÀ¯Wsa¶mbncp¶p ]mhs¸« cmPy§fpsS Bhiyw. hÀ[n¨phcp¶ hcĨ, shÅs¸m¡w, sImSp¦mäv XpS§nb ImemhØm ZpcnX§sf t\cnSm³ ASp¯ cWvSphÀjt¯¡pam{Xw IpdªXv 6000 tImSn tUmfdnsâsb¦nepw km¼¯nI klmbw thWvSnhcpw. A´co£¯n lcnXKrlhmXI§Ä IpanªpIqSnbXnsâ Ncn{X]camb D¯chmZnXz¯n \n¶pw k¼¶cmPy§Ä¡v Hgnªpamdm\mhnÃ. Cu cmPy§fnse A\nb{´nXamb hyhkmbh¡cWhpw A´co£aen\oIcWhpamWv ImemhØm hyXnbm\sa¶ `qXs¯ IpS¯n \n¶pw Xpd¶phn«Xv. lcnXKrlhmXI§Ä FhnsS ]pd´Ånbmepw AXnsâ {]XymLmXw temIw apgph³ A\p`hnt¡WvSnhcpw. CXv ]mhs¸« cmPy§Ä¡v Häbv¡p t\cnSm\mhm¯ km¼¯nI _m[yX krjvSn¡pw. F¶mÂ, BtKmf km¼¯nI {]XnkÔnbpsS adhn ]mhs¸« cmPy§Ä¡v ImemhØmhyXnbm\w t\cnSm\pÅ km¼¯nI klmbw hÀ[n¸n¡p¶Xns\ kt½f\¯n Atacn¡bpw bqtdm]y³ bqWnb\pw FXnÀ¡pIbmbncp¶p.

{[ph{]tZi§fnse aªpcpIpsa¶Xn\m BtKmfXm]\¯nse t\cnb hÀ[\hpt]mepw ISen Xmgv¯n¡ftª¡mhp¶ sNdpZzo]pIfpWvSv. AtXkabw kndnbsbt¸mepÅ cmPy§Ä h³tXmXnepÅ acph¡cW`ojWn t\cnSpIbmWv. Atacn¡bn hoinbSn¨ km³Un Npgen¡mäpw ^nen¸o³knse t_m^ sImSp¦mäpw B cmPy§fnse Irjn¡pw Bhmk hyhØIÄ¡pw `oIcamb hn\miw hnX¨p. ImemhØm hyXnbm\w ImcWambpWvSmIp¶ acph¡cWw t]mepÅ Nne \jvS§Ä A]cnlmcyamWv. AtXkabw sImSp¦mäv, shÅs¸m¡w, hcĨ XpS§nbhsImWvSpWvSmIp¶ \jvS§Ä¡pw \mi§Ä¡pw ]mhs¸« cmPy§Ä¡v k¼¶ cmPy§Ä \jvS]cnlmcw \ÂIWsa¶ hyhØ ImemhØm kt½f\§fpsS Ncn{X¯n BZyambn tZmlkt½f\w AwKoIcn¨p. "temkv B³Uv UmtaPv' kwhn[m\sa¶dnbs¸Sp¶ ]pXnb hyhØ Ahk\ \nanjw kt½f\w AwKoIcn¡pIbmbncp¶p. Atacn¡bpsSbpw bqtdm]y³ bqWnbsâbpw FXnÀ¸pIsf adnIS¶v sImWvSph¶ ]pXnb hyhØ `mhn NÀ¨IÄ¡v hnLmXambn amdntb¡psa¶ Bi¦bpw DbÀ¶n«pWvSv. Iym³Iq¬, UÀ_³ F¶nhnS§fn \S¶ ap³ ImemhØm kt½f\§Ä ImemhØmhyXnbm\w t\cnSm³ ]mhs¸« cmPy§Ä¡v km¼¯nIþkt¦XnI klmbw \ÂIp¶Xn\v ]pXnb cWvSp Øm]\§Ä Bcw`n¡Wsa¶v \nÀt±in¨ncp¶p. CXn km¼¯nI klmbw \ÂIp¶Xn\pÅ "{Ko³ ss¢aäv ^WvSv' sImdnb³ \Kcamb tkmWvSvtKm BØm\ambn 2014 HmsS {]hÀ¯\amcw`n¡pw. kmt¦XnIhnZy ssIamdp¶Xn\pÅ ss¢aäv sSIvt\mfPn skâdpw kao]`mhnbn Xs¶ XpS§m³ tZmlkt½f\¯n [mcWbmbn«pWvSv. s]t{SmÄ, UokÂ, I¡cn, {]IrXnhmXIw XpS§nb t^mkn CÔ\§fpw ImÀ_¬ A[njvTnX cmkhkvXp¡fpw I¯n¡p¶XneqsS h³tXmXn lcnXKrlhmXI§Ä A´co£¯nte¡v hnkÀÖn¡s¸Sp¶p. ImÀ_¬ UtbmIvsskUv, aotY³, ss\{Skv HmIvsskUv XpS§nbhbmWv {][m\ lcnXKrlhmXI§Ä. A´co£¯n Cu hmXI§Ä IqSpXembn hym]n¡p¶Xns\ "{Ko³lukv C^IvSv' AYhm lcnXKrl {]`mhw F¶v imkv{XÚ·mÀ hnfn¡p¶p. `qanbn \n¶v C³{^msdUv IncW§fmbn ]pd¯pt]mIp¶ Xmt]mÀPs¯ Cu hmXI§Ä sNdnsbmcfhn A´co£¯n IpSp¡p¶p, CXv `qansbNqSm¡pHm¶p. A´co£¯n lcnXKrl hmXI§fpsS Afhv IqSp¶tXmsS `qanbpsS NqSpw IqSp¶p. Ccp]Xmw \qämWvSn am{Xw BtKmfXm]\nebn 0.6 Un{Kn skÂjyknsâ hÀ[\hpWvSmbn. C¶s¯ \nebn A´co£¯nse lcnXKrlhmXI§fpsS hym]\w XpSÀ¶psImWvSncp¶m 21þmw \qämWvSnsâ Ahkm\t¯msS 6.4 Un{Kn skÂjyknsâ hÀ[\hv BtKmf Xm]\nebnepWvSmIpw. CXv `qanbnse PohPme§fn hensbmcp ]¦ns\bpw Iq« hwi\mi¯nte¡p XÅnbnSpw. NqSp]nSn¨ hmbphnse DuÀP¯nsâ Afhp IqSp¶Xn\m hmbp{]hm§fn h³amä§fpWvSmIpw. hmbp{]hml¯nse IqSnb DuÀPw XpSÀ¨bmb sImSp¦mäpIÄ¡pw Npgen¡mäpIÄ¡pw ImcWamIpw. {[ph{]tZi§fnsebpw lnameb¯nsebpw aªpcpIn kap{Z\nc¸v Dbcpw. sNdpZzo]pIfpw XoctZi \Kc§fpw ISen ap§n¯mgpw. shÅs¸m¡hpw A{]Xo£nXamb hcĨIfpw IrjnbpsS ASn¯d XIÀ¡pw. NqSpIqSnb ImemhØbn IoStcmK§fpw IfIfpw s]cpIpw. a\pjycpsSbpw hfÀ¯parK§fpsSbpw BtcmKy]cn]me\w henb shÃphnfnbmbn amdpw. A´co£¯nse lcnXKrlhmXI§fpsS km{µX hyhkmbhn¹hw Bcw`n¨ 1750  280 ]n]nFw Bbncp¶Xv 2005  379 ]n]nFw Bbpw 2011  391 ]n]nFw Bbpw IqSn. kap{ZPe\nc¸v 1961 \pw 2003 \pw CSbn {]XnhÀjw 1.8 anÃn aoäÀ F¶ \nc¡n IqSn. A´co£¯nse ImÀ_¬ UtbmIvsskUv km{µX 450 ]n]nF½n IqSnbm BtKmf ImemhØbn A]cnlmcyamb hyXnbm\apWvSmIpw. BtKmf Xm]\nebn cWvSpUn{Kn skÂjykne[nIw hÀ[\hpWvSmImsX XSªp\nÀ¯Ww. CXp km[n¡Wsa¦n k¼¶cmPy§Ä 2020 HmsS lcnXKrlhmXI hnkÀÖ\¯nsâ Afhv 25þ40 iXam\w IWvSpw 2050 \ptijw 80þ95 iXam\w IWvSpw Ipdbv¡Ww.

`qanbnse ImemhØ Xncp¯m\mhm¯hn[w amdns¡mWvSncn¡pIbmsW¶pw Xncp¯Â A\nhmcyamsW¶papÅ kwibw 1992þ dntbmUn P\otdmbn tNÀ¶ `uaD¨tImSntbmsS IqSpX _es¸«p. CXn\pthWvSn sFIycmjv{S kwLS\bpsS t\XrXz¯n Hcp ImemhØmhyXnbm\ s{^bnwhÀ¡v I¬h³j\v `uaD¨tImSn cq]w \ÂIn. \nb{´WanÃm¯ am\pjnI {]hÀ¯\§fm A´co£¯nse lcnXKrlhmXI§fpsS Afhv A]ISIcamb Afhnte¡v F¯p¶Xv XSbp¶Xn\pÅ N«¡qSv \nÀt±in¡pIbmbncp¶p ImemhØmhyXnbm\ s{^bnwhÀ¡v I¬h³jsâ e£yw. Atacn¡ DÄs¸sS 195 cmPy§Ä I¬h³j\n AwK§fmWv. Cu I¬h³jsâ 18þm aXv hmÀjnI kt½f\amWv Ct¸mÄ tZmlbn kam]n¨Xv.

lcnXKrlhmXI§Ä A´co£¯n IpanªpIqSnbXnsâ Ncn{X]camb D¯chmZnXzw k¼¶cmPy§Ä¡mWv. A´co£¯nte¡p ]pd´Ånb lcnXKrlhmXI§fn 30 iXam\¯nsâbpw Ncn{X]camb D¯chmZnXzw Atacn¡¡mWv. asämcp 25 iXam\¯nsâ D¯chmZnXzw bqtdm]y³ cmPy§Ä¡pw. ap³Ime§fnse lcnXKrlhmXI\nÀ¤a\¯nsâ apJyImcW¡mÀ k¼¶cmPy§fmbXn\m AhÀ \nÝnX Imebfhn\pÅn lcnXKrlhmXI§Ä ]pd´Åp¶Xnsâ Afhv \nÀ_Ôambpw Ipdbv¡Wsa¶mWv s{^bnwhÀ¡v I¬h³jsâ {][m\ \nÀt±iw. F¶m A´co£¯nse lcnXKrlhmXIhym]\¯n hnIkzccmPy§fpsS Ncn{X]camb ]¦v IpdhmbXn\m AhÀ¡v asämcp am\ZÞw aXnsb¶pw I¬h³j³ \nÝbn¨p. Zmcn{Zy \nÀaÀP\w, kmaqlnI km¼¯nI hnIk\w, DuÀP kpc£nXXzw XpS§nb e£y§Ä ssIhcn¡Wsa¦n AhÀ¡v tZiotbmev]mZ\wþhÀ[n¸nt¨ aXnbmIq. AXn\m hnIkzccmPy§Ä¡v lcnXKrlhmXI hnkÀP\ \nc¡v Ipdbv¡p¶Xn\v Ipsd¡qSn kmhImiw I¬h³j³ A\phZn¨p. C§s\ k¼¶cmPy§Ä¡pw ]mhs¸« cmPy§Ä¡panSbn s]mXphmbsX¦nepw thÀXncn¡s¸« D¯hmZnXzw ]¦phbv¡Wsa¶XmWv s{^bnwhÀ¡v I¬h³jsâ ASnØm\X¯zw A´co£¯nse lcnXKrlhmXIhym]\w XSbp¶Xn\v k¼¶cmPy§Ä¡v \nÀ_ÔnX e£yhpw ]mhs¸« cmPy§Ä¡v kzta[bm DÅ \S]Sn{Ia§fpw I¬sh³j³ \nÝbn¨p. cWvSmbncmamtWvSmsS BtKmf lcnXKrlhmXI hym]\w 1990 se \nebnte¡p Ipdbv¡Wsa¶Xmbncp¶p 1992  s{^bnwhÀ¡v I¬h³j³ H¸phbv¡pt¼mÄ \nÝbn¨ncp¶Xv. F¶m Hcp Xocqam\¯nse¯m³ hoWvSpw A©phÀjw thWvSnh¶p.

P¸m\nse tIymt«m \Kc¯n 1997 Unkw_À 11 \v tNÀ¶ s{^bnwhÀ¡v I¬h³jsâ aq¶maXv D¨tImSn lcnXKrlhmXI hnkÀP\w Ipd¨psImWvSphcp¶Xn\pÅ Hcp BtKmf \S]Sn{Ia¯n\p cq]w \ÂIn. Cu \S]Sn{IaamWv tIymt«m t{]mt«mt¡mÄ F¶ t]cn Adnbs¸Sp¶Xv. t{]mt«mt¡mfnsâ A\p_Ôw H¶n DÄs¸Sp¯nbn«pÅ 37 hnIknX cmPy§Ä 2008 \pw 2012 Unkw_À 31 \pw CSbn lcnXKrlhmXI hnkÀP\\nc¡v 1990þ teXn \n¶v 5.2 iXam\w IWvSv Ipdbv¡Wsa¶XmWv tIymt«m t{]mt«mt¡mfnse {][m\ hyhØ. s{^bnwhÀ¡v I¬h³j\n H¸ph¨ cmPyamsW¦nepw tIymt«m t{]mt«mt¡mfn AwKamIp¶Xv Atacn¡ \nckn¨p. s{^bnwhÀ¡v I¬h³jsâ NÀ¨Ifn ]s¦Sp¯v ImemhØmhyXnbm\ NÀ¨IfpsS KXn \nÀ®bn¡pIbpw AtXkabw lcnXKrlhmXI hnkÀP\w Ipdbv¡p¶Xn\pÅ \nba]camb _m[yXbn \n¶v HgnªpamdpIsb¶XpamWv Ipsd¡meambn Atacn¡ ]bäp¶ X{´w.

tIymt«m t{]mt«mt¡mÄ Atacn¡bpsS hymhkmbnI hfÀ¨sb XSbpsa¶pw C´y¡pw ssN\bv¡pw lcnXKrlhmXI hnkÀP\w Ipdbv¡p¶Xn\pÅ \nba]camb _m[yX DÄs¸Sp¯nbn«nsöXpambncp¶p t{]mt«mt¡mÄ \nckn¡m³ Atacn¡ \nc¯nb \ymb§Ä. ]pd´Åp¶ lcnXKrlhmXI§fpsS 55 iXam\¯ns\¦nepw D¯chmZnIfmb k¼¶cmPy§Ä AwKoIcn¨m am{Xsa tIymt«m t{]mt«mt¡mÄ \nehn hcnIbpÅp F¶mbncp¶p \n_Ô\. t{]mt«mt¡mfn\v 2004 sk]väw_dn djy AwKoImcw \ÂInbtXmsS Cu \n_Ô\ \S¸nembn. 2005 s^{_phcnbn tIymt«m \Kc¯n \S¶ Hcp NS§n h¨v H¸phbv¡s¸«v GgphÀj¯n\ptijw tIymt«m t{]mt«mt¡mÄ \nehn h¶p. H¶mw tIymt«m t{]mt«mt¡mÄ 2012 Unkw_À 31 \v Ahkm\n¨p. Cu t{]mt«mt¡mfnsâ cWvSmw L«w 2013 P\phcn H¶papX 2020 Unkw_À 31 hscbpÅ ASp¯ F«phÀjt¯¡v \S¸m¡m\mWv tZml ImemhØm kt½f\¯nsâ Xocpam\w.

lcnXKrlhmXI§Ä ]pd´Åp¶Xnsâ Afhv Ipdbv¡m³ aq¶pXcw ]²XnIÄ tIymt«m t{]mt«mt¡mÄ hn`mh\w sNbvXn«pWvSv. Cu aq¶p Xcw ]²XnIfpw tIymt«m t{]mt«mt¡mfnsâ cWvSmw L«¯nepw XpScpw. k¼¶ cmPy§Ä X½nepÅ ImÀ_¬ hn]W\w AYhm Fanj³ t{SUnwKv, Cu cmPy§Ä X½n \S¸m¡p¶ kwbpà]²XnIÄ F¶nhbn k¼¶cmPy§Ä¡mWv ]¦mfn¯w. k¼¶ cmPy§Ä ]mhs¸« cmPy§fn \S¸m¡p¶ ip²hnIk\ ]²XnIÄ. lcnXlrlhmXI§Ä DbÀ¶tXmXn ]pd´Åp¶ cmPy§Ä¡v Chsb Ipdª Afhn ]n´Åp¶ cmPy§fn \n¶pw AhcpsS an¨w ]Ww sImSp¯phm§mw. CXns\bmWv ImÀ_¬ hn]W\w F¶phnfn¡p¶Xv. C§s\ Xmgv¶ Afhn aen\oIcWw \S¯p¶ cmPy§fn \n¶pw AhcpsS an¨w ]Ww ISw sImSp¯phm§p¶Xns\ "ImÀ_¬ hn]W\w' AYhm "NqSpÅhmbphnsâ I¨hSw' F¶p hnfn¡p¶p. C§s\ Xmgv¶ Afhn aen\oIcWw \S¯p¶ cmPy§fn \n¶pw an¨w hm§p¶ cmPy§Ä¡v DbÀ¶ Afhn Xs¶ XpSÀ¶pw aen\oIcWw \S¯mw. tkmhnbäv bqWnbsâ XIÀ¨tbmsS djy, Dss{I³ XpS§nb cmPy§fpsS lcnXKrlhmXIhnkÀÖ\w 1990 se tXmXnt\¡mÄ hfsc¯msgbmWv. Cu cmPy§Ä¡v 2012 HmsS lcnXKrlhmXI hnkÀP\w 50 iXam\¯ntesd¡q«n ØncXbnse¯n¡m³ tIymt«m t{]mt«mt¡mÄ A\paXn \ÂInbn«pWvSv. djy¡v ImÀ_¬ UtbmIvsskUv hnkÀP\w 50 iXam\hpw Dss{I\v 120 iXam\hpw hÀ[n¸n¡mw. F¶m \nÀ±njvS \nc¡nepÅ hymhkmbnI hfÀ¨ t\Sm³ Cu cmPy§Ä¡v km[n¡m¯Xn\m an¨apÅ lcnXKrlhmXIhnkÀP\mhImiw Bhiy¡mcmb aäv cmPy§Ä¡v ]Ww sImSp¯p hm§mw. hm§p¶ AsX AtX Afhn lcnXKrlhmXI hnkÀP\w \S¯m³ k¼¶cmPy§Ä¡v AhImiapWvSmbncn¡pw.

h\h¡cW¯neqsSbpw h³tXmXn tXm«hnfIfpw h³hr£§fpw \«phfÀ¯n Irjn `qan ]cnhÀ¯\w sN¿p¶XneqsSbpw A´co£¯n \n¶pw h³tXmXn ImÀ_¬ UtbmIvsskUv hen¨Sp¯v Ahsb hr£§fnepw a®nepw ap¡nhbv¡p¶ ImÀ_¬ kn¦v ]²XnIfpw ImÀ_¬ hn]W\¯nsâ `mKamWv. h\h¡cW¯neqsSbpw tXm«hnfIrjnbneqsSbpw hens¨Sp¡p¶ Hmtcm S¬ ImÀ_Wn\pw Xpeyamb Afhn aen\oIcWw \S¯m³ ]Ww apS¡p¶ cmPy§Ä¡pw I¼\nIÄ¡pw AhImiapWvSv. cWvSmasXmcp cmPy¯v \S¸m¡p¶ ]²XnIÄ¡v BZys¯ cmPy¯n\v s{IUnäv AhImis¸Sp¶ ]²XnIfmWv kwbpàambn \S¸m¡p¶ ]²XnIfpw knUnFw ]²XnIfpw. lcnXKrlhmXI hnkÀP\w Ipdbv¡m³ \nba]camb _m[yXbpÅ k¼¶cmPy§Ä X½nemWv kwbpà]²XnIÄ \S¸m¡p¶Xv. knUnFw ]²XnIÄ \S¸m¡p¶XmIs« hnIkzccmPy§fnepw. kmaqlnIh\h¡cW¯n\pw tXm«hnfIrjn¡pw aäpambn hnIkzccmPy§fn knUnFw ]²XnIÄ F¶ t]cn k¼¶cmPy§Ä¡v ]Ww apS¡mw. knUnFw ]²XnIÄ hens¨Sp¡p¶ Hmtcm S¬ ImÀ_Wn\pw Xpeyamb Afhn aen\oIcWw \S¯m³ k¼¶cmPy§Ä¡v A\phmZapWvSv.

tIymt«m t{]mt«mt¡mÄ ASp¯ F«phÀjt¯¡qIqSn \o«p¶XpsImWvSv Cu ]²XnIsfÃmw t{]mt«mt¡mfnsâ cWvSmw L«¯nepw XpScpw. F¶m t{]mt«mt¡mfnsâ cWvSmw L«¯nepw Atacn¡ ]¦mfnbmIp¶nÃ. P¸m³, Im\U, djy, \yqkne³Uv XpS§nb cmPy§fpw CXn ]¦mfnIfmIp¶nÃ. C´ybpw ssN\bpw hnIkzccmPy§fmbXn\m tIymt«m t{]mt«mt¡mfn ]tWvS AwK§fÃ. bqtdm]y³ bqWnb³ AwKcmPy§Ä, Hmkvt{Senb, t\mÀsh, kznävkzÀ³Uv XpS§nb GXm\pw cmPy§Ä am{XamWv t{]mt«mt¡mfnsâ cWvSmw L«¯n ]¦mfnIfmImsa¶v k½Xn¨n«pÅXv. BtKmf lcnXKrlhmXI hnkÀP\¯nsâ 15 iXam\w am{XamWv tIymt«m t{]mt«mt¡mfnsâ cWvSmwL«¯n ]s¦Sp¡p¶ cmPy§fpsS kw`mh\. t{]mt«mt¡mÄ ASp¯ F«phÀjt¯¡p IqSn \o«m³ tZml kt½f\w Xocpam\n¨psh¦nepw BtKmf lcnXKrlhmXI hnkÀP\w Ipdbv¡p¶Xn CXv Hcp hn[¯nepw klmbIamhnÃ. tIymt«m t{]mt«mt¡mfn hn]Wnsb A[njvTnXam¡n \S¸m¡p¶ hnhn[ ]cn]mSnIÄ bYmÀ°¯n lcnXKrlhmXI hnkÀP\s¯ Hcphn[¯nepw Ipdbv¡nsö Bt£]hpw Bcw`w apXsebpWvSv. aen\hnapàamb DuÀPt{kmXkpIÄ hnIkn¸n¡p¶Xn\p]Icw hymhkmbnI cmPy§fpsS h³tXmXnepÅ aen\oIcWs¯ XpSÀ¶pw t{]mÕmln¸n¡p¶hbmWv Cu ]cn]mSnIÄ. BtKmf Xm]\s¯ XSbWsa¦n lcnXKrlhmXI§Ä ]pd´Åp¶Xnsâ Afhv 60 iXam\w IsWvS¦nepw Ipdbv¡Ww. F¶m tIymt«m t{]mt«mt¡mfnsâ e£yw hfsc ]cnanXamWv. klPamb IpdhpIÄ ImcWw t{]mt«mt¡mÄ hn]coX^eamWv krjvSn¨Xv. t{]mt«mt¡mÄ \nehn h¶Xn\p tijhpw lcnXKrlhmXI hnkÀP\¯n Hcp IpdhpapWvSmbnsöp am{XaÃ, adn¨v hÀ[n¡pIbmWpWvSmbXv. 2000 \pw 2009 \panSbn BtKmf lcnXKrlhmXI hnkÀP\w 12.4 iXam\w IWvSv hÀ[n¨p. Atacn¡bpsS lcnXKrlhmXI hnkÀP\w 1990  4876 Zie£w S®mbncp¶Xv 2008  5461 Zie£w S®mbn IqSn. tIymt«m t{]mt«mt¡mÄ {]Imcw 1990þse \nc¡nt\¡mÄ BdpiXam\w IWvSv lcnXKrlhmXI hnkÀP\pw Ipdbv¡m³ _m[yXbpWvSmbncp¶ Im\UbpsS \nc¡v Ipdbp¶Xn\p ]Icw 12 iXam\w IWvSv hÀ[n¨p. AtXkabw C´y, ssN\, {_ko XpS§nb cmPy§Ä kzta[bm kzoIcn¨ \S]SnIfneqsS lcnXKrl hmXI hnkÀP\ \nc¡v Ipdbv¡p¶Xn Imcyamb ]ptcmKXn ssIhcn¨p.

ImemhØm hyXnbm\w kw_Ôn¨ s{^bnwhÀ¡v I¬h³jsâ 13þmaXv D¨tImSn 2007 Unkw_dn Ct´mt\jybnse _menbn tNÀ¶t¸mÄ ImemhØm hyXnbm\w t\cnSp¶Xn\v "_men IÀ½]²Xn' F¶ t]cn Hcp ]cn]mSn¡v cq]w \ÂIn. tIymt«m t{]mt«mt¡mfnsâ cWvSmwL«¯n\p cq]w \ÂIm³ ASnb´c \S]SnIÄ kzoIcn¡Wsa¶Xmbncp¶p _menIÀ½ ]²Xnbnse {][m\ \nÀt±iw. tIymt«m t{]mt«mt¡mfn AwKaÃm¯ Atacn¡sbt¸mepÅ cmPy§fnse lcnXlrlhmXI hnkÀP\\nc¡pIpbvd¡m³ ZoÀLImem ASnØm\¯nepÅ AUvtlmIv hÀ¡nwKv I½nän¡pw _men IÀ½]²Xn cq]w \ÂIn. lcnXKrl hmXI hnkÀÖ\w Ipd¡m³ hnIkzccmPy§fpw kzta[bm \S]Sn kzoIcn¡Wsa¶pw AhÀ¡v AXn\pthWvS kmt¦XnIhnZybpw km¼¯nI klmbhpw \ÂIm³ k¼¶cmPy§Ä X¿mdmIWsa¶pambncp¶p asämcp \nÀt±iw. 2009 Ahkm\w tIm¸³tlK\n \S¶ 15þmw aXv ImemhØm kt½f\w BtKmf Xm]\nebnse hÀ[\hv cWvSp Un{Kn skÂjykv IS¡p¶Xv XSbm³ ASnb´c \S]SnIÄ kzoIcn¡Wsa¶v in]mÀisNbvXp. 2020 \ptijw \S¸mt¡WvS ZoÀLIme \S]SnIfmbncp¶p 2011  Z£nWm{^n¡bnse UÀ_\n \S¶ ImemhØm kt½f\¯nsâ NÀ¨m hnjbw. 2013 Unkw_dn t]mfWvSnse hmÀtkmbn ASp¯ ImemhØm kt½f\w \S¡pt¼mgpw 1992 se dntbm `uaD¨tImSnbn AhXcn¸n¨ AtX hnjb§Ä ]cnlmcanÃmsX Ahtijn¡p¶p. Hmtcm ImemhØm kt½f\¯nepw kp{][m\ hnjb§Ä ASp¯ kt½f\¯n NÀ¨ sN¿mw F¶ hnjb¯n am{XamWv temIcmPy§Ä ¡nSbn A`n{]mb sFIyapWvSmIp¶Xv. A´co£¯nte¡p ]pd´Åp¶ lcnXKrlhmXI§fpsS Afhn Ipdhp hcp¯m\pÅ kab{Iaw 2020 hsc \o«m\mbn F¶XmWv tZml ImemhØm kt½f\¯nsâ _m¡n]{Xw. a\pjycminbpsS `mhn Xs¶ A]IS¯nem¡nbncn¡p¶ C¯csamcp kp{][m\ {]iv\¯n 1992 ap cWvSp]XnämWvSpIfmbn NÀ¨ \S¯nbn«pw cmPym´c kaql¯n\v F§psa¯nt¨cm\mbn«nsöXmWv Gähpw hnenb ZptcymKw. HmtcmhÀjhpw ImemhmØm kt½f\¯n temIkaqlw Gäphm§p¶ Iq«t¯mÂhn tZml ImemhØm kt½f\¯nepw BhÀ¯n¡pIbmbncp¶p.

C´ybnse P\§fpsS kmaqlnIþkm¼¯nI kpc£nXXz¯nepw ]cnØnXnbnepw Irjnbnepw hcpwhÀj§fn ImemhØm hyXnbm\w henb {]iv\§Ä krjvSn¡pw. C´y³ s\äv hÀ¡v t^mÀ ss¢aäv tN©v Akkvsaâv(sFF³knknF) cWvSphÀjw ap¼p \S¯nb hnebncp¯Â Irjn, Pew, {]IrXnhn`h§Ä, ssPhsshhn[yw F¶o taJeIfn henb {]XymLmX§fmWv {]hNn¨ncn¡p¶Xv. agsb B{ibn¨pÅ IrjnbpsS ]mcnØnXnImSn¯d ]msS XIcpw. ssN\, Atacn¡, djy, P¸m³, PÀ½\n, Im\U F¶o cmPy§Ä¡p ]n¶nembn BdmaXmWv. lcnXKrlhmXI hnkÀP\¯n C´ybpsS Øm\w. AtX kabw Btfmlcn lcnXKrlhmXI hnkÀP\¯n \½psS Øm\w (1.52 S¬ ImÀ_¬ UtbmIvsskUv) 122þm aXv am{XamWv BtKmf ImemhØmhyXnbm\s¯ XSªp\nÀ¯m³ A[nI kabsam¶pw temIkaql¯n\p ap¶n Ahtijn¨n«nÃ. AanXamb D]t`mKXrjvWsb Xr]vXns¸Sp¯p¶ PohnXssienIfn \n¶pw A\nb{´nXamb ]cnØnXn aen\oIcW¯n \n¶pw ]n³hm§nbnsæn A\nhmcyamb Zpc´ambncn¡pw a\pjycminsb Im¯ncn¡p¶Xv.


\ndkpa§fpambn Xq¡psN¼c¯n

sN¼c¯nsb Adnbm¯ aebmfnbpWvSmhnÃ. km[mcW sN¼c¯n¸qhn\p ]pdta ASp¡p sN¼c¯n, apfIpsN¼c¯n, Ipcphn¡qSpt]msebpÅ sN¼c¯n, Xq¡psN¼c¯n XpS§n \nch[n C\§fpWvSv
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P\§sf sImÃp¶ IoS\min\n \nba§Ä

F³tUmkÄ^m³ DÄs¸sS XeapdIsf ZpcnX¯nemgv¯p¶ IoS\min\n Zpc´§Ä XpSÀ¡Ybmbn amdpt¼mgpw cmPys¯ IoS\min\n\nb{´W \nba§Ä C¶pw Ip¯gnªXmbn XpScp¶psh¶v ]T\ dnt¸mÀ«
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t]mfnlukv Irjnbn Hcp I¶nb¦¡mc³

tIcf¯n hncfambncp¶ {Ko³lukv Irjnbn XpS¡w Ipdn¨t¸mÄ Xs¶ anI¨ t\«w In«nbXnsâ \ndhnemWv XpSnb³ae ¹mtâj³ DSabpw, _nsSIv _ncpZ[mcnbpamb Pbnwkv tP¡_v .
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`£Ww acp¶mhp¶p, Bbpkn\pw BtcmKy¯n\pw ssPhIrjn

a®nsâ kzm`mhnI hf¡qdpw, ssPhoIamb t]mjWhpw \ne\nÀ¯n sN¿p¶ IrjnbmWv ssPhIrjn. {]IrXntbmSp aÃSn¨p sImWvSÃ, kacks¸«psImWvSmWv Cu Irjn Ahew_nt¡WvSXv.
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'\oc' \oÀtcJbmIptam?

kwØm\s¯ tIcIÀjIcpsS ZoÀLImes¯ kz]v\ambncp¶p kz´w sX§nse \oc D]tbmKn¡m\pw hn]W\w \S¯m\papÅ A\phmZw. ]ehn[¯nepÅ FXnÀ¸pIfpw hne¡pIfpw adnIS¶v \ochyhkmb¯n\p XpS¡anSm\mbn .....
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\nehmcw XncnsI sImWvSphcpw ; KthjW¯n\v Du¶Â

tIcf ssehv tÌm¡v Uhe]vsaâv t_mÀUnsâ {]hÀ¯\§sf ¡pdn¨pw `mhnsb¡pdn¨pw ]pXnb amt\PnwKv UbdIvSÀ tUm. tPmkv Pbnwkv IÀjI³ FUnäÀ C³ NmÀPv Pbnwkv tP¡_pambn kwkmcn¡p¶p.
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amWnIyhpw ]{Iphpw hmgp¶ X\n \mS³ Ubdn

aebmfnbv¡p kp]cnNnXamb sh¨qÀ apXÂ sNdphÅn, ImkÀtKmUv, ae\mSv KnU, KnÀ, IrjvWhmen, Im¦bw, c¯n, Pmhcn , Jnemcn F¶o C\§fnembn BsI 40 C´y³ ]ip¡Ä ChnsSbpWvSv.
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h\nXIfpsS kz´w ssPhkwcw`w

sIm¨n ]¨¡dn sam¯ amÀ¡änse ]¨¡dn thÌpIfpw ]¨neIfpw tiJcn¨mWv a®nchfw \nÀan¡p¶Xv. \Kcamen\y§sfm¶pw ChÀ ssPhhfw \nÀan¡m³ DÄs]Sp¯mdnÃ.
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kkykwc£W hkvXp¡fpw, cmkhf§fpw s]mcp¯hpw s]mcp¯t¡SpIfpw

fIÄ¡mhiyapÅ t]mjI§Ä e`yam¡pIbpw AXnsâ ^eambn \à hnfhv DXv]mZn¸n¡p¶Xn\pw thWvSnbmWv Ahbv¡v cmkhf§Ä \ÂIp¶Xv
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IÃpsIm¯m\ptWvSm? Cubw ]qim\ptWvSm?

{Kma§Ä ]sWvSms¡ sXmgnÂe`yXbpsS Imcy¯n kzbw ]cym]vXambncp¶p. ac¸Wn, Ccp¼p]Wn, InWÀsh«v, Irjn¸WnIÄ Chbvs¡Ãmw thWvS hnZKv[À AXmXp \m«nepWvSmIpw. F¶m \m«n e`yaÃmXncp¶ tkh\§Ä {Kma§fnte¡p IS¶ph¶Xv Hmtcm hnfnbmbn«mWv.
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t]mfnlukneqsS H¶v \S¡mw, ]¨¸pw Irjnbpw sXm«dnbmw

Ipd¨pØe¯p\n¶pw IqSpX hcpam\w, hnjaSn¡m¯, IoS_m[tb¡m¯ ip²amb ]¨¡dnIÄ. hÀjwtXmdpw hcpam\w. hyhkmb ASnØm\¯n Irjnbnd¡n hcpam\w sIm¿p¶ sslsSIv Irjn AYhm t]mfnlukv Irjn aetbmcPnÃbmbn CSp¡nbnepsa¯n.
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{Un]v InäpIÄ XpWvSp`qanIÄ¡mbn Hcp kmt¦XnIhnZy

\½psS t¥m_ ^mw bm{X Cu e¡¯n {i²n¡p¶Xv Øetam Pet{kmXtkm ]¼nwKn\mhiyamb DuÀPt{kmXtÊm CÃm¯ \maam{X IÀjIscbmWv. tIcf¯n {]tXyIn¨v hoSnsâ ]n¶m¼pds¯ XpWvSp`qan ]¨¡dn tXm«ambn amäp¶ ]XnhpWvStÃm.
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apbÂtcmK§fpw ap³IcpXepIfpw

apb hfÀ¯en\v \½psS \m«n {]Nmcw hÀ[n¡p¶ \mfpIfmWnXv. ]e ho«½amcpw BZmbIcamb Hcp D]sXmgnse¶ \nebn apbepIsf hfÀ¯p¶pWvSv.
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IqhcIv Ipdp¡v

A¶p amhnsâ Nph«n h¨mbncp¶p ]ß³amjnsâ ¢mkv. ¢mkn h¶bpS³ amsjmcp tNmZyw D¶bn¨pþ"\n§fn IqhcIv Ign¡m¯hÀ Bsc¦nepaptWvSm?'' R§fn an¡hcpw ssIs]m¡n. amjv Nncn¨psImWvSp ]dªp.
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Poh\pÅ a®n\v PohmWphf§Ä

kky§Ä¡v ss\{SP³ t]mse hfsc {][m\s¸« aqeIamWv t^mkv^dkv. kky§Ä¡v _ehpw ZrVbpw, tImihfÀ¨bv¡pw DXv]mZ\hÀ²\hn\pw ]pjv]n¡phm\pw hn¯pWvSmIphm\pw t^mkv^dkv A\nhmcyamWv.
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"a[pckwKoXkzcw' t]msemcp ]qhv

tUmþtdþao....'' ip²kwKoX¯nsâ _me]mT§Ä ChnsS XpS§p¶p; "km...co...K...a' \ap¡v Gsd ]cnNnXamb "ayqkn¡Â t\m«vkv'þCu kzc§Ä BteJ\w sN¿m³ D]tbmKn¡p¶ kwÚ \apt¡hÀ¡pw kp]cnNnXamWtÃm; ......
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IÀjIÀ \nb{´n¡p¶ IÀjIN´

]pcbnS¯n \mep hmg¡pebpWvSmbmÂ, cWvSp Intem{Kmw tImhbv¡ hn¡m\psWvS¦nÂ, ho«mhiy¯n\p tijw ]¯p tImgnap« an¨w h¶m Abes¯ I¨hS¡mcsâ I\nhp tXSn AetbWvS AhØbnemWv s]mXpth kwØm\s¯ Irjn¡mÀ.
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he¡mhnsâ £oc[mc

IÀjI klIcW¯nsâ aqe¡Ãnt·Â ]WnXpbÀ¯s¸«XmWv XriqÀ he¡mhnse anÂth Ubdnþ he¡mhv £otcmXv]mZI klIcWkwL¯nsâ kz´w ]m kwkv¡cW bqWnäv
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\m«pImÀ¡p \·tbIp¶ \m«n³]pdSqdnkw

SqdnkwsImWvSp IÀjI\v F´p t\«sat¶m? Sqdnk¯nÂ\n¶v em`w DWvSm¡Wsa¦n e£§Ä apS¡msX ]änsömtWm \n§fpsS hnNmcw. hne¯IÀ¨ aqew \SpshmSnª IÀjIs\ hoWvSpw Ipg¸¯nem¡tà F¶p Nn´n¡p¶hcpapWvSmIpw
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Cu Irjn¡q«w {]tbmKnIXbpsS Irjn]mTw

Znimt_m[hpw CÑmiànbpw HcpabpapsWvS¦n GsXmcp ImÀjnI hnIk\ kwcw`hpw hnPbn¡psa¶Xnsâ t\À¡mgvNbmWv Be¸pg PnÃbnse Xg¡c {Kma]©mb¯n \S¡p¶ "Irjn¡q«w' ]²Xn.
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Irjnt¯m«w Hcp¡mw k©mcnIÄ¡mbn

\hw_À apX amÀ¨p hscbpÅ A©pamkamWv \½psS hnt\mZk©mc kok¬ AXmbXv hntZinIfpsS hcpImeamWv. F¶m G{]n apX B`y´c k©mcnIfpsS Imew XpS§p¶p;
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]p¯³ taJeIÄ tXSp¶ ¹mtâj³ tImÀ]tdj³

ImÀjnItaJebn em`Icambn {]hÀ¯n¡p¶ s]mXptaJem Øm]\amWv ¹mtâj³ tImÀ]tdj³. kphÀWPq_nen ]n¶n« Cu Øm]\¯nsâ {]hÀ¯\§sf ¡pdn¨pw `mhnsb¡pdn¨pw amt\PnwKv UbdIvSÀ F. D®n¡rjvW³ kwkmcn¡p¶p....
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sX§n\v \\¨m hnfhv Cc«nbv¡pw

PetkN\w sImWvSv hnfhv Cc«nbv¡p¶ Hcp hnfbmWv sX§v. a®nsâ LS\bpw, shbnensâ ImTn\yhpw ]cnKWn¨v sX§n\v Bhiym\pkcWw PetkN\w \S¯Ww. HmtcmXcw a®nepw PetkN\¯nsâ Afhv hyXykvXamWv
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AInSpho¡w \nb{´n¡m³

]ip¡fnse AInSpho¡w \nb{´n¡m³ BtcmKyapÅ ]ip, ipNnXzapÅ sXmgp¯v, ipNnXzt_m[apÅ Idh¡mc³ F¶nh AXym´mt]£nXamWv.
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Zmensâ IY

A¶s¯ ¢mkv amhn³ XWen ]¨mbncp¶p. an\n Hcp \yqkv t]¸dpambmWp h¶Xv.
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HmÀaIÄ Dd§p¶ NmcpItkc

AekPohnX¯nsâ {]XoIw F¶ \nebnemWv NmcpItkc ]WvSpw ]cnKWn¡s¸«ncp¶Xv
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Dbcp¶ sNehpIfpwXmgp¶ DXv]mZ\hpw

A¶phsc A\p`hn¡m¯ aIc¨qSns\ F§s\ t\cnSpw F¶ Nn´bn cm[t¨¨n ...
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CXv Hcp Ubdn IpSpw_w

IpSpw_¯nse A½ kwØm\s¯ anI¨ £ocIÀjIcnsemcmsf¶ AwKoImcw t\Snb h\nX.
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IpcphnÃm¯ X®na¯\pambn ImÀjnI kÀhIemime

IpcphnÃm¯ Nph¶ X®na¯³ ImÀjnI kÀhIemime hnIkn¸n¨p.
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H¶c IntembpsS tX§ hnfbp¶ H¶mwXcsamcp sX§n³tXm¸v

a®ns\ ]co£Wimebm¡n hnPbw sIm¿p IbmWv sXmSp]pg ]mS¯n cmPohv amXyp F¶ Irjn¡mc³.
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